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Science: Mobile Elements Are More Common in Autism Genes

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Sophist
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10 Jun 2013, 7:05 am

Hi, everyone. Been awhile since I've been back here. Lots of faces I don't recognize.

Anywho, for those who have no idea who in the hades I am :) I'm an aspie who's gone into research, specifically autism research. At the moment I've been focusing on genetics, particularly in an attempt to characterize commonalities for high-risk autism genes. And our preliminary study has just been published this month and I thought, since it's about autism, the WP community might find it interesting.

I keep a blog and have written about it there, which may be more in depth/explanatory than the original brief report (which is also linked in the blog):

http://scienceoveracuppa.com/2013/06/09 ... omment-335

If anybody has any questions or anything, feel free to give a shout out.


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whirlingmind
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10 Jun 2013, 8:45 am

Hello, and welcome back. I don't know you but you were/are clearly an important member.

I have read your blog and found it fascinating, as a "layperson", I find it well-written and it entirely made sense to me so you've explained it perfectly to someone not familiar with the scientific speak.

Anything that contributes to discovering what and why autism is, is hugely worthwhile. I am really interested in the genetic side. I recently had a 23andme done, and although they don't test for autism genes (obviously) I came out with increased markers for bipolar, tourettes and schizophrenia which I don't have but are genetically related to autism.

Keep up the good work.


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Sophist
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10 Jun 2013, 9:28 am

Hey, whirlingmind. Thanks very much for the feedback. It's nice to know that my attempts at simplification (while not sacrificing accuracy) were successful. :) The more details one knows about a given topic, the harder it gets to communicate that information to people who don't have the same in depth understanding. It's a definite challenge.

Regarding genes for Bipolar, sz, and Tourette's, I wouldn't be surprised if there's overlap with the genes we studied, so you may well have markers for that too. One thing I've learned while studying these numerous genes is that there's a LOT of overlap between different common neurodevelopmental conditions as far as genetics-- and actually even quite a bit of overlap with those and cancer-related genes.


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Dantac
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10 Jun 2013, 9:50 am

That was a fascinating read. I wish more scientists took the time to 'translate' things into common English.

This may be off-topic from the work you're doing but....since you are working specifically with extinct gene sequences, have you considered contacting the Max Planck institute to see if you can compare modern samples with the much older samples (all the way back to paleolithic times) they might have? A cross comparison between modern and ancient human populations might pop out something interesting.



whirlingmind
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10 Jun 2013, 9:55 am

Sophist wrote:
Regarding genes for Bipolar, sz, and Tourette's, I wouldn't be surprised if there's overlap with the genes we studied, so you may well have markers for that too. One thing I've learned while studying these numerous genes is that there's a LOT of overlap between different common neurodevelopmental conditions as far as genetics


Another member (Ettina) did some research on which genes are applicable to autism and kindly provided me a list, here are my results against the list she gave me:

1. rs10150121 TRIM9 C or T C more autism Mine: CC
2. rs10500866 NAV2 C or T T more autism Mine: CC
3. rs10513025* intergenic C or T T more autism Mine: TT
4. rs10766739 NELL1 A or G A more autism Mine: GG
5. rs10787637 GFRA1 A or G G more autism Mine: AA
6. rs10802802 CHRM3 A or G G more autism Mine: AG
7. rs10951154 HOXA1 C or T T more autism Mine: TT
8. rs11139294 APBA1 A or G G more autism Mine: GG
9. rs1143674 ITGA4 A or G A more autism Mine: AG
10. rs11942354 intergenic A or G A more autism Mine: AA
11. rs12275631 DLG2 C or T T more autism Mine: CT
12. rs12410279 intergenic A or G A more autism Mine: AA
13. rs12514116 KCNIP1 C or T C more autism Mine: CT
14. rs12535987 MAGI2 C or T C more autism Mine: TT
15. rs12925135 RBFOX1 C or T C more autism Mine: CC
16. rs12985015 intergenic A or G G more autism Mine: GG
17. rs1322784 DISC1 A or G A more autism Mine: AA
18. rs1432443 MAP2K1 A or C A more autism Mine: AC
19. rs1485677 ERC2 A or G G more autism Mine: AG
20. rs1556060 intergenic C or T C more autism Mine: CC
21. rs1569284 GRM7 C or T C more autism Mine: CC
22. rs1597611 EPHA5 A or G G more autism Mine: AG
23. rs16868972 GPR98 G or T T more autism Mine: GT
24. rs16916456 UGCG C or T C more autism Mine: CC
25. rs1804197 APC A or C A more autism Mine: CC
26. rs1861972 EN2 A or G A more autism Mine: AA
27. rs2076683 PLAGL1 G or T T more autism Mine: GG
28. rs220836 CADM1 C or T C more autism Mine: TT
29. rs2278556 ATP2B2 A or G A more autism Mine: AG
30. rs2367910 CACNA2D1 A or C C more autism Mine: CC
31. rs2382104 PTPRD G or T G more autism Mine: TT
32. rs260969 MACF1 C or T T more autism Mine: CC
33. rs265981 DRD1 A or G G more autism Mine: GG
34. rs2663327 ABR A or G G more autism Mine: GG
35. rs2695112 PDE11A C or T T more autism Mine: TT
36. rs2710102 CNTNAP2 A or G G more autism-related language delay, A more selective mutism/social anxiety Mine: AG
37. rs2745557 PTGS2 A or G A more autism Mine: GG
38. rs2820100 NRG3 A or C C more autism Mine: CC
39. rs298542 BASP1 C or T C more autism Mine: CT
40. rs314253 intergenic C or T C more autism Mine: CT
41. rs35284 PDE4D A or G A more autism Mine: GG
42. rs3928471 SLC9A9 C or T T more autism Mine: CC
43. rs4404561 LOC100419742 A or C C more autism Mine: AC
44. rs4532 DRD1 C or T T more autism Mine: TT
45. rs4782109 GRIN2A C or T T more autism Mine: CT
46. rs5918 ITGB3 C or T T more autism Mine: CT
47. rs6063144 SULF2 C or T C more autism Mine: TT
48. rs636624 PTPRG C or T T more autism Mine: TT
49. rs6574041 RGS6 A or G A more autism Mine: AG
50. rs6766410 HTR3C A or C C more autism Mine: AA
51. rs6807362 HTR3C C or G C more autism Mine: CG
52. rs686 DRD1 A or G A more autism Mine: AA
53. rs6923644 AKAP7 G or T G more autism Mine: GG
54. rs695083 DSCAML1 A or G A more autism Mine: GG
55. rs6962352 HIP1 A or G G more autism Mine: AG
56. rs7021928 ASTN2 A or G A more autism Mine: AG
57. rs7075400 NRG3 C or T T more autism Mine: CT
58. rs712886 LPPR4 A or G G more autism Mine: GG
59. rs7172184 NTRK3 C or T C more autism Mine: CT
60. rs7225320 ASIC2 C or T T more autism Mine: CC
61. rs723811 NRG1 A or G A more autism Mine: AA
62. rs7534723 SYT14 A or G A more autism Mine: AA
63. rs7766973 JARID2 C or T C more autism Mine: CC
64. rs7794745 CNTNAP2 A or T T more autism in boys Mine: AA
65. rs7974275 GRIN2B G or T G more autism Mine: TT
66. rs8123323 PLCB1 C or T T more autism Mine: TT
67. rs893109 intergenic A or G G more autism Mine: GG
68. rs9307866 DCLK2 C or T T more autism Mine: CT
69. rs9370809 JARID2 C or T T more autism Mine: TT
70. rs946630 intergenic A or G G more autism Mine: GG
71. rs957910 SLC24A2 A or G A more autism Mine: AG
72. rs9837484 CNTN6 A or G G more autism Mine: GG
73. rs9940922 CDH13 A or G G more autism Mine: GG

Which apparently means I am:

homozygous for the non-autistic allele for 17 SNPs
heterozygous for 23 SNPs, and
homozygous for the autistic allele for 32 SNPs

...although I have no clue what that actually means!


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Last edited by whirlingmind on 10 Jun 2013, 12:44 pm, edited 1 time in total.

Sophist
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10 Jun 2013, 9:55 am

Dantac wrote:
That was a fascinating read. I wish more scientists took the time to 'translate' things into common English.

This may be off-topic from the work you're doing but....since you are working specifically with extinct gene sequences, have you considered contacting the Max Planck institute to see if you can compare modern samples with the much older samples (all the way back to paleolithic times) they might have? A cross comparison between modern and ancient human populations might pop out something interesting.


Thanks. :) I suspect as scientists take more advantage of the internet and blogging (which is a growing trend) you may find exactly that: science communicated in a more accessible sense.

On that note, I have been wanting to take a look at the Neandertal genome that's been made available. Although we would need to utilize some different transposable element algorithms for that since TE info on that genome hasn't been made available.

I would expect, though, that the majority of sequences would be conserved (give or take various CNVs and repeat expansions/contractions) because the vast majority of mobile elements in our genome have been extinct for a very long time in human terms. Only a handful of sub-subcategories of retrotransposons have been active in us over the last couple million years, so the trends we see in gene mutability are VERY old. Although we do get the occasional new retrovirus.

Nevertheless, it would still be really fascinating to study. And I'll definitely keep your suggestion in mind. That could be an excellent project in future. Thanks! :D


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Dantac
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10 Jun 2013, 6:39 pm

Neanderthal would be a bit far fetched since they were a separate species though the info from them could also be interesting. We did interbreed with them at least.

I was thinking more of cromagnon dna the max planck institute is sure to have many samples of.

I almost got involved in a project in Australia that was doing a project on neanderthal dna but since it was my freshman year I simply did not have the time or funds to be a part of it. :( . I'll check on it and see if its still running and maybe can provide you with his contact info.



Ettina
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10 Jun 2013, 8:00 pm

Unfortunately, I can't read your blog because the background image with the lines freaks me out. Do you have this information available on a site with a different background?



Verdandi
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10 Jun 2013, 8:21 pm

The background is distracting! But fortunately the blog actually covers most of it (well, fortunately for me).

Ettina, I think you can ask Sophist for a copy of the study:

Quote:
NOTE: For anyone who would like to read the original publication and can’t get access, please email me and I’d be happy to send you a copy.


is at the end of the post. And the contact info is in a sidebar.

I look forward to giving this the reading it deserves. Right now I think my brain is rebelling against my environment. The subject looks fascinating, though.



Sophist
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11 Jun 2013, 8:50 am

whirlingmind wrote:

Another member (Ettina) did some research on which genes are applicable to autism and kindly provided me a list, here are my results against the list she gave me:

.......

Which apparently means I am:

homozygous for the non-autistic allele for 17 SNPs
heterozygous for 23 SNPs, and
homozygous for the autistic allele for 32 SNPs

...although I have no clue what that actually means!


You might enjoy wandering around the AutismKB database and looking through their core dataset.

Dantac wrote:
Neanderthal would be a bit far fetched since they were a separate species though the info from them could also be interesting. We did interbreed with them at least.

I was thinking more of cromagnon dna the max planck institute is sure to have many samples of.

I almost got involved in a project in Australia that was doing a project on neanderthal dna but since it was my freshman year I simply did not have the time or funds to be a part of it. Sad . I'll check on it and see if its still running and maybe can provide you with his contact info.


I would certainly be interested in Cro-magnon as well. I had mentioned Neandertal though because the genome has been made readily available, making it easier to work with. Annotations make a big difference!

Ettina wrote:
Unfortunately, I can't read your blog because the background image with the lines freaks me out. Do you have this information available on a site with a different background?


Sorry about that. You can PM me your email address and I can send copies both of the blog and the original article if you like. Or just email me directly at elwill08 at louisville dot edu.

Verdani wrote:
I look forward to giving this the reading it deserves. Right now I think my brain is rebelling against my environment. The subject looks fascinating, though.


Just let me know if any other resummarizing or reframing might be helpful once your brain is less rebellious. ;)


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Callista
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11 Jun 2013, 8:53 am

Ettina wrote:
Unfortunately, I can't read your blog because the background image with the lines freaks me out. Do you have this information available on a site with a different background?
Try http://www.readability.com/


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Sophist
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11 Jun 2013, 9:00 am

Callista wrote:
Ettina wrote:
Unfortunately, I can't read your blog because the background image with the lines freaks me out. Do you have this information available on a site with a different background?
Try http://www.readability.com/


Good suggestion. I might put a link to that on the blog for people that find the background problematic.

EDIT: Updated, placing advert for it on the left sidebar.


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whirlingmind
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11 Jun 2013, 9:08 am

Sophist wrote:
whirlingmind wrote:

Another member (Ettina) did some research on which genes are applicable to autism and kindly provided me a list, here are my results against the list she gave me:

.......

Which apparently means I am:

homozygous for the non-autistic allele for 17 SNPs
heterozygous for 23 SNPs, and
homozygous for the autistic allele for 32 SNPs

...although I have no clue what that actually means!


You might enjoy wandering around the AutismKB database and looking through their core dataset.


Oooh, thank you! that gives me a nice little project :D .


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Sophist
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11 Jun 2013, 12:05 pm

whirlingmind wrote:
Sophist wrote:
whirlingmind wrote:

Another member (Ettina) did some research on which genes are applicable to autism and kindly provided me a list, here are my results against the list she gave me:

.......

Which apparently means I am:

homozygous for the non-autistic allele for 17 SNPs
heterozygous for 23 SNPs, and
homozygous for the autistic allele for 32 SNPs

...although I have no clue what that actually means!


You might enjoy wandering around the AutismKB database and looking through their core dataset.


Oooh, thank you! that gives me a nice little project :D .


Our next study which we're currently working on is involving this core dataset. The one previously had some overlap but included a larger sampling from the website, since the core set was too comparably small to get good statistical power. At present we're looking further into other aspects of genomic stability to characterize these genes. The preliminary work is promising!


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whirlingmind
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11 Jun 2013, 1:05 pm

I've had a quick peek, is it pretty categorical that listed SNPs are now known to be relevant to autism? And that those are the ones marked positive (or mixed)?


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