mcg wrote:
It's a control board based on Atmel's AVR series of 8-bit microcontrollers. Yes, you can program controllers without one, they just make it easier for beginners because they include a lot of the support hardware (such as clocks, voltage regulators, filter and decoupling caps, ISP and JTAG headers, etc) in one easy to use package.
There's also the Basic Stamp which is the same sort of thing but with a PIC microcontroller instead of an AVR.
Personally, I tend to avoid things like this altogether because they are expensive. Just a plain controller is a fraction of the cost, and it's really not that hard to set up the support hardware. Pretty much all you need is a voltage regulator, a few capacitors, and a canned oscillator (there should be schematics in the datasheets).
Thanks
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