Not exactly tolerant in China, are they.

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"They are female university students from Jeminay [in Chinese, Jimunai county in Altay prefecture, near the Kazakhstan border]," one source told RFA on Thursday. "They were doing Muslim prayers while at university, and they were reported by their classmates to a teacher."

"The teacher reported them to the police in Xinjiang, and the Xinjiang police went over there and detained them," the source said.

"They didn't wear ordinary clothing, but rather loose clothing that is in keeping with Islam, like long skirts and headscarves," he said. "But they didn't wear anything that covered their faces."

"They were detained more than three months ago, and there has been no news of them since," he said.

Another May detainee was a man named as Alvay, 35, an ethnic Kazakh also from Jeminay county.

When police took him away, they said it was for "frequent attendance at mosque and prayers," sources said.

Repeated calls to the Jeminay county police department rang unanswered during office hours on Thursday.

"Chinese authorities in the northwestern region of Xinjiang have ordered ethnic minority Muslim families to hand in religious items including prayer mats and copies of the Quran to the authorities, RFA has learned.

Officials across Xinjiang have been warning neighborhoods and mosques that ethnic minority Uyghur, Kazakh and Kyrgyz Muslims must hand in the items or face harsh punishment if they are found later, sources in the region said.

"Officials at village, township and county level are confiscating all Qurans and the special mats used for namaaz [prayer]," a Kazakh source in Altay prefecture, near the border with Kazakhstan told RFA on Wednesday.

"Pretty much every household has a Quran, and prayer mats," he said.

Dilxat Raxit, spokesman for the exile World Uyghur Congress group, said reports have emerged from Kashgar, Hotan and other regions of similar practices starting last week.

"We received a notification saying that every single ethnic Uyghur must hand in any Islam-related items from their own home, including Qurans, prayers and anything else bearing the symbols of religion," Raxit said.

"They have to be handed in voluntarily. If they aren't handed in, and they are found, then there will be harsh punishments," he said.

Raxit said announcements are being made by the police via popular social media platform WeChat."

"Earlier this year, Xinjiang authorities began confiscating all Qurans published more than five years ago due to “extremist content,” according to local officials, amid an ongoing campaign against “illegal” religious items owned by mostly Muslim ethnic Uyghur residents.

The Qurans were appropriated as part of the “Three Illegals and One Item” campaign underway in Xinjiang that bans “illegal” publicity materials, religious activities, and religious teaching, as well as items deemed by authorities to be tools of terrorism—including knives, flammable objects, remote-controlled toys, and objects sporting symbols related to Islam, they said.

The Kazakh source said that earlier directives calling for the confiscation of Qurans and other religious items hadn't been effective, and so the authorities are now stepping up the pressure and placing the onus on individual households to hand them in under a compulsory program.

He said confiscation drives targeting Uyghurs are now also being extended to the country's ethnic Kazakh population.

At the same time, any products from neighboring Kazakhstan or bearing the Kazakh language or symbols have also been outlawed, sources said.

A leaked police notice from Changji prefecture called on local officials to search for any items bearing any writing or symbols linked to Kazakhstan.

"Any items bearing writing or any other traces of Kazakhstan, including street signs or graffiti, store decorations, arts and crafts items, T-shirts and so on, must immediately be investigated ... and a detailed report made to higher authorities by Sept. 25," the notice, dated Sept. 22, it said."