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12 Sep 2022, 1:41 pm

How Netflix’s ‘Mo’ is advocating autism awareness in the Middle East

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In the first few minutes of the critically acclaimed hit Netflix series Mo, Palestinian refugee Mo Najjar encounters his brother, Sameer, standing in his bedroom while holding his beloved cat, Crystal, and staring at Mo in silence.

“Why are you looking at me like that?” Mo asks.

“Working on my eye contact,” Sameer responds.

Sameer is a character struggling to fit in due to an unaddressed condition (autism exacerbated by post-traumatic stress disorder). With a child-like innocence, he is hilariously honest, fixated on routines, and doing his best to fit in, creating a complex character that’s hard not to fall in love with.

The character has been praised online, by people who found him relatable and endearing.

Awareness of autism has started to improve in the Middle East over time, but the stigma still lingers.

Many Middle Eastern families lack the awareness to recognise ASD partly due to a significant shortage of trained professionals who work with autism. According to one report, around the region, there are also very long wait lists for treatment, and price assessments are also considerably expensive.

Omar Elba, the actor who plays Sameer, an Egyptian-American best known for co-starring alongside Tom Hanks in the movie A Hologram for the King, has received positive reviews for his authentic and nuanced portrayal of autism, most notably from the autistic community itself.

Elba, who spoke exclusively with Middle East Eye, said that he did not anticipate the series would affect people so much nor the overwhelmingly positive reaction.

"If the critics and fans of the show are enjoying it, that’s great, but it’s really the comments from people directly impacted by autism that mean everything," he said.

In preparation for his role, Elba explained that “an enormous amount of work and research went into understanding the reality of that character’s level of autism, and [it was] something that I needed to handle with care in order to find the authenticity”.

This need for authenticity drove Elba to seek out an ASD behavioural therapist, with whom he worked meticulously for months, observing and researching a task that initially proved almost unattainable because of laws protecting patients.

He said that he eventually found a behavioural therapist who provided him with access to ASD clinics, paving the way for him to contribute to the writing of Sameer’s character and scenes.

“It was fortunate for Mo Amer [the series creator] and the writers because they wanted authenticity, and were curious to learn the autism info from my perspective and to know what I’d been gathering from my behavioural therapist,” Elba said.

Elba wrote a portion of the scenes, particularly the ones that included Sameer’s meltdown stages, from perseverance to fragmented speech and delayed echolalia (where an autistic individual memorises a phrase or even paragraph of speech - from a book or TV show, for example - and then repeats it after a period of time).

What is noteworthy is the fact that Elba himself is on the spectrum, which allowed him to bring personal experience to the role even if he and Sameer were on different levels of the spectrum.

“I was officially diagnosed in my late 30s - with high functioning ASD cases, it is not uncommon to get diagnosed in one’s adult years - as it is often undiagnosed in childhood,” Elba said. “The diagnosis was, at first, shocking but, ultimately, a relief, since it helped to explain the missing piece of the puzzle.”

Elba says that as a child, he had vocal stimming (a self-stimulatory symptom of ASD) and as an adult he tends to be easily drained in big crowds, can get obsessively fixated with certain routines and patterns, and is hypersensitive to light and sound.

“I had a girlfriend years ago, who opted to have her 24th birthday at a nightclub and really wanted me to be there so I went and bought earplugs in order to attend,” Elba said. “Naturally, she and her friends thought it was so odd… as you can imagine, that relationship did not last.”

Mo touches on the taboos of autism present in Arab culture. For one, Sameer, who is in his late 30s, is still undiagnosed. Yet he is seemingly aware that something is different about him, but isn’t sure, since none of the characters around him are acknowledging his autism to him or to each other.

“Hey mom, how come you never ask me about getting married?” Sameer asks his mother (played by actress Farah Bsieso). “I’m your oldest son, and you never ask me. Is it because something’s wrong with me?”

“No. no, no no no no. Don’t ever think like that. Mashallah you’re amazing there’s nothing wrong with you,” she responds.

Although this interaction might seem endearing to some, the powerful scene actually touches on the embedded shame that children with autism face in an Arab family.

Their ASD must be hidden, not embraced (hence the scene earlier on in the show where Auntie Samia says Sameer will bring his mother torment as he will be with her all his life).

“There are undeniable taboos about autism and mental health in many Arab households. Many people want to be viewed by others as genetically 'perfect', 'our genes and family lineage would never in a million years produce an autistic offspring', 'don’t you dare say your sister or brother is autistic, you’ll shame our entire family' - that sort of fear-based mentality,” explained Elba.

Through his acting, Elba has sought to challenge the conception of normal.

“Pretending that mental health issues don’t exist constricts the already distorted definition of 'normal' by others, which, in turn, fuels the level of pretense to meet this narrow, unrealistic and exhausting standard of 'normal' and vice versa - it’s an unconscious vicious cycle.

"I love my Arab people but this shame around mental health is something we really need to address and dissolve,” he said.

'There are undeniable taboos about autism and mental health in many Arab households'

This is something he hopes to tackle in season two of Mo:



_________________
Professionally Identified and joined WP August 26, 2013
DSM 5: Autism Spectrum Disorder, DSM IV: Aspergers Moderate Severity

“My autism is not a superpower. It also isn’t some kind of god-forsaken, endless fountain of suffering inflicted on my family. It’s just part of who I am as a person”. - Sara Luterman