Research Suggests Children Can Recover From Autism

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RainSong
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08 May 2009, 8:53 pm

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090508/ap_ ... m_recovery

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By LINDSEY TANNER, AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner, Ap Medical Writer – Fri May 8, 5:24 pm ET
CHICAGO – Leo Lytel was diagnosed with autism as a toddler. But by age 9 he had overcome the disorder. His progress is part of a growing body of research that suggests at least 10 percent of children with autism can "recover" from it — most of them after undergoing years of intensive behavioral therapy.

Skeptics question the phenomenon, but University of Connecticut psychology professor Deborah Fein is among those convinced it's real.

She presented research this week at an autism conference in Chicago that included 20 children who, according to rigorous analysis, got a correct diagnosis but years later were no longer considered autistic.

Among them was Leo, a boy in Washington, D.C., who once made no eye contact, who echoed words said to him and often spun around in circles — all classic autism symptoms. Now he is an articulate, social third-grader. His mother, Jayne Lytel, says his teachers call Leo a leader.

The study, funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, involves children ages 9 to 18.

Autism researcher Geraldine Dawson, chief science officer of the advocacy group Autism Speaks, called Fein's research a breakthrough.

"Even though a number of us out in the clinical field have seen kids who appear to recover," it has never been documented as thoroughly as Fein's work, Dawson said.

"We're at a very early stage in terms of understanding" the phenomenon, Dawson said.

Previous studies have suggested between 3 percent and 25 percent of autistic kids recover. Fein says her studies have shown the range is 10 percent to 20 percent.

But even after lots of therapy — often carefully designed educational and social activities with rewards — most autistic children remain autistic.

Recovery is "not a realistic expectation for the majority of kids," but parents should know it can happen, Fein said.

Doubters say "either they really weren't autistic to begin with ... or they're still socially odd and obsessive, but they don't exactly meet criteria" for autism, she said.

Fein said the children in her study "really were" autistic and now they're "really not."

University of Michigan autism expert Catherine Lord said she also has seen autistic patients who recover. Most had parents who spent long hours working with them on behavior improvement.

But, Lord added, "I don't think we can predict who this will happen for." And she does not think it's possible to make it happen.

The children in Fein's study, which is still ongoing, were diagnosed by an autism specialist before age 5 but no longer meet diagnostic criteria for autism. The initial diagnoses were verified through early medical records.

Because the phenomenon is so rare, Fein is still seeking children to help bolster evidence on what traits formerly autistic kids may have in common. Her team is also comparing these children with autistic and non-autistic kids.

So far, the "recovered" kids "are turning out very normal" on neuropsychological exams and verbal and nonverbal tests, she said.

The researchers are also doing imaging tests to see if the recovered kids' brains look more like those of autistic or nonautistic children. Autistic children's brains tend to be slightly larger than normal.

Imaging scans also are being done to examine brain function in formerly autistic kids. Researchers want to know if their "normal" behavior is a result of "normal" brain activity, or if their brains process information in a non-typical way to compensate for any deficits.

Results from those tests are still being analyzed.

Most of the formerly autistic kids got long-term behavior treatment soon after diagnosis, in some cases for 30 or 40 hours weekly.

Many also have above-average IQs and had been diagnosed with relatively mild cases of autism. At age 2, many were within the normal range for motor development, able to walk, climb and hold a pencil.

Significant improvement suggesting recovery was evident by around age 7 in most cases, Fein said.

None of the children has shown any sign of relapse. But nearly three-fourths of the formerly autistic kids have had other disorders, including attention-deficit problems, tics and phobias; eight still are affected.

Jayne Lytel says Leo sometimes still gets upset easily but is much more flexible than before.


I'm glad that they're doing more research to see why it is and say that it's not common at all. It's interesting.


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schleppenheimer
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08 May 2009, 9:14 pm

Ya know, I kind of wish they would replace the word "recovered" with the word "adapted". I think many autistic people are just clever enough to "adapt" to the world they may not have understood as children.



sinsboldly
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08 May 2009, 10:24 pm

schleppenheimer wrote:
Ya know, I kind of wish they would replace the word "recovered" with the word "adapted". I think many autistic people are just clever enough to "adapt" to the world they may not have understood as children.


I concurr! When people talk about 'cured', etc. I always ask "in what way?" I mean what is the criteria for being 'recovered' or 'better' ?

Merle


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CelticRose
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08 May 2009, 10:39 pm

sinsboldly wrote:
schleppenheimer wrote:
Ya know, I kind of wish they would replace the word "recovered" with the word "adapted". I think many autistic people are just clever enough to "adapt" to the world they may not have understood as children.


I concurr! When people talk about 'cured', etc. I always ask "in what way?" I mean what is the criteria for being 'recovered' or 'better' ?

Merle

I was thinking along the same lines when I read about this earlier.

It's known that people with Asperger's can learn to behave in a more socially acceptable manner, and they did note that these kids were considered to be "mildly" autistic. It would be interesting to see the results of the brain scans. I'm betting that they're still just as autistic as ever, they've just learned new behaviors and coping skills.

I think the media is inflating this story to make it look like more than it is. Autism stories are very popular right now. :roll:


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08 May 2009, 11:11 pm

I wish i was a child so badly, their is so much out there for children with autism, so much more chances for a child to lose their diagnosis, but for an adult everything is ten times harder, and not much out there at all. sorry mini rant... i also like how schleppenheimer says it adapting is a perfect way to put it. I still believe all those children have autism in them, but its not hindering them anymore, and is not seen as a disability.


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sinsboldly
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08 May 2009, 11:18 pm

Age1600 you always cheer me! I think about your courage and your awesome attitude and my heart just goes out to you! I, too, wish I were a fortunate child in this enlightened age.

Merle


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09 May 2009, 5:52 am

My son has AS. When he was small he was quite obviously Autistic but over the years we have worked hard to teach him how to interact and cope socially. He now has a Dx of AS and he goes to a mainstream school and most people have no idea he is autistic. He just seems a little bit different. I had really started to kid myself that he was losing his autism but then we had a bit of a trauma and the autism came flooding back. It made me realise that while he has learned adaptive behaviours they are just covering his autism, not replaceing it.



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10 May 2009, 3:53 pm

I wonder if maybe some of us were born with Autism and adapted quickly enough that nobody noticed. The other disorders it mentioned the "formerly autistic" people having sure do remind me of typical AS traits. "attention-deficit problems, tics and phobias"

On an unrelated little side note... who decided that a comma isn't needed after the 2nd to last thing listed? That's always bothered me since I was little. Without having that last comma, it makes it seem like the last 2 listed things (tics and phobias in this example) are somehow in a group together whereas the others are not. That and... if I read it out loud... I definately pause right there and... isn't that the criteria for a comma?


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CelticRose
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10 May 2009, 4:48 pm

kalantir wrote:
I wonder if maybe some of us were born with Autism and adapted quickly enough that nobody noticed. The other disorders it mentioned the "formerly autistic" people having sure do remind me of typical AS traits. "attention-deficit problems, tics and phobias"

On an unrelated little side note... who decided that a comma isn't needed after the 2nd to last thing listed? That's always bothered me since I was little. Without having that last comma, it makes it seem like the last 2 listed things (tics and phobias in this example) are somehow in a group together whereas the others are not. That and... if I read it out loud... I definately pause right there and... isn't that the criteria for a comma?

The comma before the conjunction is known as the Oxford comma, and there is considerable debate over whether it should be used or not. I always use it, mainly because that's how I was taught.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_comma


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11 May 2009, 10:43 am

I was under the impression that nearly all children born on the spectrum gradually moved up the spectrum as they got older. TEACCH has the base diagnosis of "autism" as a child is 3 years old, then later will re-diagnose at Asperger's or PDD-NOS depending upon functioning level.

I would very much doubt if the majority of autistic children stayed at the same functioning level or even decreased in functioning.



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13 May 2009, 9:43 am

schleppenheimer wrote:
Ya know, I kind of wish they would replace the word "recovered" with the word "adapted". I think many autistic people are just clever enough to "adapt" to the world they may not have understood as children.


Wholly agree!! 8) 8)


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sinsboldly
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13 May 2009, 8:50 pm

Mage wrote:
I was under the impression that nearly all children born on the spectrum gradually moved up the spectrum as they got older. TEACCH has the base diagnosis of "autism" as a child is 3 years old, then later will re-diagnose at Asperger's or PDD-NOS depending upon functioning level.

I would very much doubt if the majority of autistic children stayed at the same functioning level or even decreased in functioning.


at Attwood's seminar he said that there was low functioning that improved and high functioning that accelerate the lower functioning improvement and then. . there was Asperger's syndrome, that was just born like that and parallel to high functioning, but not the same thing at all. Different set of symptoms from high functioning to create a syndrome.


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14 May 2009, 2:21 am

I'm of the low-functioning turn high-functioning make (same disorder, however). I'm still definitely autistic, and I was seen as fine in elementary school too; the problems came in high school and onwards, like someone with Asperger's. However, I don't think they mean this; I think they mean the phenomenon that's called "Residual Autism".

They don't know why; it could be due to an immune response (i.e., certain types of autism are like other neurological disorders and come in "attacks", and some people only have one such attack in infancy; this ties in with the fact that some people can "regress" in early adulthood after the improvement), the genes that control verbal ability and obsessive thought patterns turn on in these people (there's documented proof of this), or something else entirely.



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14 May 2009, 5:12 am

Possibly the 'residual autism' phenomenon has to do with developmental delay.

Babies go through these stages of social development in play -- solitary play, parallel play, group play.

If you're delayed and doing only solitary play at six, well, maybe with the right support (the kind of feedback that you'd normally get as a baby to move on to the next stage, but which you might not get at six because by that time all the other kids are into group play and treat you like a pariah) you'll continue to advance, just in your own 'wrong' time-scale.

So it's really noticable when you're a little kid who's still playing like a baby but with better motor-skills, just manipulating objects and treating people like objects, but when you master the group-play thing, maybe five or ten years behind the NT kids, you start to seem a lot closer to normal.

Probably applies not just to play but to all the other social whatfoos. I think from my own experiences that we might be really likely to make rocket-fast advances after long delays, too.



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14 May 2009, 5:36 am

is it me but most "cures" seem to be brain washing and if it is genectic and then it will just supress it. to my understanding the drugs work is a simular way.


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14 May 2009, 7:24 pm

I wonder what you think 'brainwashing' actually means.