Lots of interesting articles about Asperger and autistic brains lately. One I read said that the decision to reclassify Aspergers and High Functioning Autism as different syndromes in the new DSM may not occur (the only real difference in the two at present is the age at which the 'affected' children begin to speak - and that is now interpreted, again, as "a difference of degree", or "presents on a spectrum" issue rather than a distinctive separating issue):
"A new study in the upcoming issue of Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders examines the historical emergence of the classification of autism alongside the emergence of the classification of Aspergers.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19548078
Abstract:
The histories of autism and Asperger’s Disorder (AD), based on original contributions by Kanner and Asperger, are reviewed in relation to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Their original articles appear to have influenced the distinction between AD and autism contained within the DSM-IV. Based on up-to-date empirical research, however, it appears that AD and autism are not qualitatively distinct disorders, but are different quantitative manifestations of the same disorder. The differences between AD and autism may be a function of individual variability in these areas, not the manifestation of qualitatively distinct disorders. The DSM-IV criteria for AD and autism need to be considered with their historical developments, and based on empirical evidence, the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria may be subject to critical review.
This paper's conclusion is: despite current practice to separate autism diagnostically from Aspergers, according to this study there is very little difference between the two and, as the author argues, they are simply slightly differing manifestations of the same syndrome.
Sanders (the author) makes the point that these are seen as two distinct disorders is almost entirely due to the fact that Asperger's paper was only introduced into the USA in 1981, one year after the introduction of DSM III . It was further not fully translated into English until 1991. Amazing.
There is apparently talk of separating autism and aspergers in the new revision of the DSM. Based on the contents of this paper I’d say that is very premature."