I'm pretty sure this is actually possible with the current forum software. It's it's along the lines of a spam control, that allows for limiting how often users can post.
Usually, a period of around three minutes is sufficient to prevent spam robots from repeatedly posting new threads. One per twenty four hours seems too restrictive to me. There are plenty of users here who have decent questions or comments to post more often than that. Why restrict them because of the few who abuse? That doesn't seem fair to me.
There is also the question of free speech, which is highly valued on WP. The mods tend to err in favor of it more often than not. It takes quite a bit of tom-foolery to ban a member.
We already have systems in place to deal with posts the type of which you describe. If the posts are inane, childish, or whatever, report them in the Moderator Attention sticky thread at the top of this forum category. Ask them to move it to the appropriate forum, which would probably be, in most cases, the Randomness forum. Pretty much anything goes there. That is what that forum exists for. Random inane questions and thoughts. If people want to post stuff like that, there is the place for it.
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I'm not likely to be around much longer. As before when I first signed up here years ago, I'm finding that after a long hiatus, and after only a few days back on here, I'm spending way too much time here again already. So I'm requesting my account be locked, banned or whatever. It's just time. Until then, well, I dunno...