Egalitarianism
There was one study done with monkeys and they made cocaine available to them - those lower down on the totem pole were more inclined to use the cocaine to deal with the drudgery of their lot. This is just one example of the dangers of inequality.
The way to make people healthier is to de-emphasise hierarchy as much as possible, to stop the "keeping up with the Joneses" mentality as much as possible, for people doing all sorts of work to be told that their work is of value and not be looked own upon.
Society can more than afford to provide bread for all, for we benefit from centuries of accumulated knowledge, from the work of people now dead, as well as the work of machines and robots. There's plenty to go around. This isn't a matter of feeding one to starve another. It should mean something that we are no longer in the Middle Ages - I see conservatives look back to the 19th century as a time to which we should for some reason return... what ridiculousness. Perhaps they should volunteer to undergo surgery without anaesthetic with the finest surgeons being those who were the fastest, as it was in those days...
I am assuming that everybody is a zero when (s)he begins. All zeros are equal. I do not think I should prove it. I think you should prove why shouldn't two newborn kids not be equal. If one is born without a limb or with a deficiency, tough luck, but it wasn't his/her fault. So, zero.
So what? They can abuse just about every idea posted in this thread and any one to come. They are leaders after all.
Leaders exist for the sole purpose of abusing their power and to ruin everything we thinkers come up with. In exchange we get the chance to blame them later. The system has worked for ages and it will remain to work.
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You're assuming what you are called to prove. You can keep on putting assumptions under your assumptions, but the issue was providing a foundation for equality. Assuming all people to be zero when they are born isn't really proving that they are all zero. Especially since one can argue that some people when they are born are going to be born into positions where they have many advantages due to no issue with them or even necessarily their genetic code, and where they are worth more. I mean, Bill Gates would pay more for his child than Joe down the street.
Leaders exist for the sole purpose of abusing their power and to ruin everything we thinkers come up with. In exchange we get the chance to blame them later. The system has worked for ages and it will remain to work.
That's not my point. My point is that your idea doesn't actually ground any real egalitarianism. Abuse assumes that your system is perverted, the idea I am proposing is completely consistent with your apparent ideas. You say that all people should be considered equal, and then shift to treating them based upon their skills. Now, I have no idea of what "considered equal" means, as treating them proportionally to their skills is not considering beings as equal. And so yeah... I mean, we might say that whatever caste didn't consciously emerge for whatever reason, but... it is still part of trying to actually evaluate your idea.
Then you are wrong. Tabula rasa does not seem to be a correct model.
Because different people, even if raised in the same environment, reach different levels of capability. Clearly people are different from one another.
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WAR IS PEACE
FREEDOM IS SLAVERY
IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH
Why is egalitarianism popular? Because nobody wants to follow a philosophy that would oppress them. A philosophy that promises everyone the opportunity to raise themselves up hardly needs advertising to sell.
If instead you want to sell a philosophy that group X deserves better than group Y, either you must accept that group Y will disagree with you, or you must bend the truth by phrasing your philosophy in such a way that everyone listening believes themselves to be in group X even if they aren't.
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The plural of platypus.
To one who is considered to be less than average in society, egalitarianism sounds good; of course, it sounds less good to one who is considered to be better than average. I think it is a persons position in society that controls his opinion here more than any philosophical ideal. Peoples opinion on this question have a tendency of changing as their position in society changes.
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NobelCynic (on WP)
My given name is Kenneth
If you ask me, I would say that everybody deserves equal oppurtunity because Life is sacred, and all living things deserve a certain degree of respect. Why hold life sacred? I dunno. But most religions, philosophies, and gut feelings agree it is.
equality of outcome, however, is, in my eyes, an immoral goal.
PC-thiking has become a big runaway monster that, in a misguided attempt to make everything fair has made everything rigged.
the problem is furthered in that, even considering those things we can agree everyone deserves, giving it to everyone in the same way will not produce equality of oppurtunity. take for example education: school is a structured, conformist, soul-crushing NAZI DEATH CAM-... sorry, a little pent-up rage there. School is a structured enviroment, but not everybody learns best in such an enviroment, so by providing the same schooling to everybody, you are actually making things less equal, because those who do not learn best in that enviroment are being set up to fail, and wind up locked in a small room by the teacher because the got up from their seat without permission MY PENCIL ROLLED OFF MY DESK YOU PARANOID OLD-... sorry.
Thus, egalitaranism is ultimatly a self-sabotouging endevour so long as we are unwilling to devote not only the money and beuacracy, but the time and planning to make it work. But while money and beuacracy are two things few goverments seem reluctant to spend on the practice, time and planning seem to be rarely spent on anything. Thus, you will always wind up with people like me, who have been turned into embittered misanthropes by a poorly thought out practice.
I find it hard to understand people who say that they have AS being against egalitarianism. The lack of egalitarianism is a system of rigid hierarchy, where those higher up can mercilessly violate those below. AS people usually don't fare too well in such a setup. I'm sure there are smart people who complain about how the Procrustean setup at school set them back and that their talents should have been better recognised, well, the more unequal world does not reward simply intelligence, it rewards those who are better at manipulating others, those with superior social skills. The popular people are the ones who are selected to be supreme in a highly stratified hierarchical system, not those who are simply smart.
I don't see it inconsistent with egalitarianism to recognise the talents of people. It's simply that we won't horribly crush those whose talents are not valued, and remember, they are more inclined to recognise the talents of the popular and the socially proficient, which usually does not include AS people.
Because different people, even if raised in the same environment, reach different levels of capability. Clearly people are different from one another.
That's seems a rather vulgar attempt to bridge an "is" to an "ought".
Orwell or Vexcalibur?
I don't think Orwell is trying to get from "is" to "ought", I think he's merely being a skeptic in this thread.
Vexcalibur might be, but then again, I think that grounding ethics is probably sort of nonsensical anyway. I am not going to say that ethics don't conventionally exist, only that we don't want conventional existence, but rather a deeper form of existing for right and wrong to *really* be right or wrong. The issue is that for a deeper form of existence, we have to posit some essences that evolution eventually came across and that are embodied in us. Otherwise, the entire topic disintegrates as we can never move from sacks of flesh to intrinsic realities.
Diabetics aren't born with insulin-filled needles, asthmatics aren't born with ventaline, myopics don't come with glasses out of the womb, and children don't have an innate ability to read text without instruction. Much of human progress is transcending the constraints of natural inequality (to use Bertrand Russell's ingenius rebuttal to Rousseau's appeal to nature).
One reason for favouring equality (of opportunity) as an ideal is that it negates antagonisms and "us versus them" thinking. If everyone - through a merit - has the same opportunity to reach prestigious positions in society, then there will be less of a tendency to persecute certain groups who have are seen as being "unfairly supported". Relative equality of civic duties and rights also creates a sense of solidarity among the populace - further reducing us versus them anatogonism.
Lastly, (relative) income equality (which is a meansof achieving equality of opportunity) has many measurable benefits:
http://liveunitedblog.org/2010/01/the-h ... nequality/
...
If you fail to avoid high inequality, you will need more prisons and more police. You will have to deal with higher rates of mental illness, drug abuse, and every other kind of problem.
Take the example of health and life expectancy. The United States spends more per person ($6,000) on healthcare than any other country. You’d think that would at least put us in the top half for life expectancy, wouldn’t you? But no. In fact, only 3 of the 23 countries have lower life expectancies than the U.S. (those would be Portugal, which spends about $1,800 per person; Denmark, which spends about $2,800 per person; and Ireland, which spends about $2,500 per person). Highest life expectancy goes to Japan, which spends about $2,200 per person. The same pattern holds for infant mortality and teen pregnancy...
They also look at inequality within the United States, and compare many of these same social ills across states, and the same pattern obtains. The authors contend that if the United States could reduce its income inequality to the average of the four most equal countries (Japan, Norway, Sweden, Finland), we would see:
The proportion of the population feeling they could trust others increase by 75%
Rates of mental illness drop by two-thirds
Rates of obesity drop by two-thirds
Teen birth rates cut in half
Prison populations reduced by 75%
Orwell or Vexcalibur?
I don't think Orwell is trying to get from "is" to "ought", I think he's merely being a skeptic in this thread.
Vexcalibur might be, but then again, I think that grounding ethics is probably sort of nonsensical anyway. I am not going to say that ethics don't conventionally exist, only that we don't want conventional existence, but rather a deeper form of existing for right and wrong to *really* be right or wrong. The issue is that for a deeper form of existence, we have to posit some essences that evolution eventually came across and that are embodied in us. Otherwise, the entire topic disintegrates as we can never move from sacks of flesh to intrinsic realities.
I was refering to Orwell - though it may be a confusion of terminology. "Equality" - when used in the sense of social equality - doesn't quite mean "sameness". Maybe, by Orwell speaking of how "different" distinct infants are he means they are "inequal" - but "inequal" in the sense of "not the same" rather than "not deserving of social equality".
Some seem to think that egalitarianism means that everyone is treated exactly the same and asked to do the same things despite their differences. This is not so. Egalitarianism is about doing something about the pecking orders under which those below are treated very, very badly and who are told that they deserve all the abuse they get, even though many do jobs that are required for the functioning of society. More equal societies are healthier societies and better places to live, which is one reason why the Teabaggers are so evil. As far as I'm concerned, they are murderers.
There are still too many ideas in some places of master races and servant races and how being born of certain families makes people superior.
I may have misread Orwell, but I think Vexcallibur was grounding equality in the equality of all newborns in their nature. He said all human beings start at 0. Orwell merely rebutted this. In any case, people move from "Is" to "ought" all of the time. I still say that there isn't a good way to ground oughts.
I may have misread Orwell, but I think Vexcallibur was grounding equality in the equality of all newborns in their nature. He said all human beings start at 0. Orwell merely rebutted this. In any case, people move from "Is" to "ought" all of the time. I still say that there isn't a good way to ground oughts.
I'll give you the point for the Orwell-Vexcallibur exchange. But Orwell - in general - seems to be arguing against or at least doubting social equality as an ideal on the basis of differences in each persons profile of strengths and weaknesses. I don't see that as fundamentally valid (at least when it comes to the benefits of equality of opportunity and some income equality).
