Flair wrote:
Metaphysical Philosophy is a deeply untouched subject for many people worldwide
It depends on what you mean by "metaphysical philosophy", as a lot of people read metaphysics as in crystal healing, and a lot of people read metaphysics as in actual academic philosophy.
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Materialism views things such as thoughts as "not real" i.e. a ghost would be viewed as hallucination produced by a thought which was produced by nerves/chemicals in the brain.
You mean mental images aren't real? Well.... mental images AREN'T real images. This is often shown with a particular geometric form, basically it is a rectangle with a square removed. The question is at what angle a person can see a dot inside the area where the square was removed out of the body of the rectangle. People can't figure it out at all though, but if there was a real image moved, then this should be easy.
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Duality would view the same perspective as materialism except it would not view the ghost as a hallucination but as being equally real as the person seeing the phenomena.
The problem is that it multiplies entities in a bizarre manner. Monism really is a better explanation if it works simply due to Occam's razor.
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Due to the increasing amounts of limitations materialism places on physics some expect a paradigm shift to duality or another more balanced metaphysical perspective.
Y'know, I *really* doubt that. Some physicists, such as Vic Stenger, consider this kind of idea outright stupid. As it stands though, there is no basic mental reality, so a shift to include a non-basic mental reality would be ad hoc.
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Materialism is a strict matter over mind philosophy
Duality is likely the best candidate for a paradigm shift as it is more balanced in defining reality
Idealism (this would be an atheists hell) views the mind as the base of all existence. (opposite of materialism basically).
Duality is not parsimonious, even compared to idealism. Both suck though because the mind isn't a basic unit, but rather the existence of all of the aberrations we see really do suggest that a material world is basic and that a mental reality cannot be nearly as real.
This can be seen in the inability of some people to know their own deficiencies here:
http://psych.utoronto.ca/~peterson/psy4 ... 201996.pdf
This can be seen with conditions such as Cotard's syndrome.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotard_delusion
This can kind of be seen in the lack of unity in the mind itself.
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/arc ... ural/7055/
http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/selfctr.htm
A lot of truths about the mind and brain utterly shatter any dream of "dualism" or "idealism".