In My Perfect World, everyone living above the poverty level would pay only a flat percentage of their yearly income in taxes (10 to 30%) - the same rate applies to everybody without exception. The total amount collected from taxes in one year would determine the following year's budget. The budget would be spent only on Infrastructure & Natural Resources, Public Safety & Health Services (Fire, Police, & Emergency Medical Care), Education, and Military Defense.
No deficit spending, bonds, or borrowing - when the budget runs out of money, that's it, so be careful how you spend it.
It would be required by law to set aside a percentage of the budget equal to the tax rate for small business loans, research grants, and public-works projects (i.e., "Workfare" = Welfare + Work). Thus, the higher the taxes, the more money gets put back into the public economy.
No tax deductions, exemptions, or loopholes for any reason whatsoever.
No foreign aid - other polities would have to provide goods and/or services of equal value for the money we give them.
No pensions - individuals (and their families) would be solely responsible for the care of their members.
No other fees for "Application", "Licensing", "Processing", et cetera.
No government payouts for elective medical procedures - no public funds for boob jobs, orthodontia, nose jobs, et cetera. If the procedure is necessary, or an individual's condition could become life-threatening, then the government foots the bill. Inoculations and medical exams are not elective procedures.
No "Eminent Domain" - If the government needs private property, then it must be prepared to pay the going market rate for that property, as determined by the public market, or do without that property. Thus, if the property is worth $330,000, then the government must pay the owner $330,000 to buy that property, and can not take it by force or fiat.
Government (including military) workers would be paid the prevailing wage for an equivalent position, based on a forty-hour workweek.