The Bank Stock and Bond Holders would lose. FDIC would cover deposits, and the bank would be sold. Good assets, buildings, loans, would go toward paying off debts. If anything was left, it would go first to the Bondholders, a form of debt, then the Stockholders, Ownership.
The FDIC closes banks on Friday, and opens them on Monday under new ownership. It happened to hundreds.
The Bank Bailout protected the people who caused it from the LAWS! They should have lost Ownership Interest. Even the large banks can be broken up, and sold to solvent banks. Instead they were given cash, Merril Lynch, Countrywide, some almost as big banks, as a reward for electing Congress and the President.
At the worst, Nationlize, put it in the hands of the FDIC, wipe out the Stock and Bond holders, for anything else brings in Moral Hazard, being saved by the Government leads to others being saved by the government.
There is no incentive to not put the economy at risk, if investors do not lose all. The 1% own 99.9% of all stocks and bonds, that is who the government bailed out.
The banks were sound in that they paid back the TARP loans. They would be just as sound if ownership had passed to the Nation.
If there is no risk, it is not Capitalism.