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Chemical composition
Petroleum-derived diesel is composed of about 75% saturated hydrocarbons (primarily paraffins including n, iso, and cycloparaffins), and 25% aromatic hydrocarbons (including naphthalenes and alkylbenzenes).[9] The average chemical formula for common diesel fuel is C12H23, ranging from approx. C10H20 to C15H28
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel#Che ... ompositionGasoline, or petrol, is made of a mixture of hydrocarbons, which are molecules composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Typically, in standard gasoline, the hydrocarbons consist of carbons chains are 5-10 carbon atoms long.
The exact mixture of which types of hydrocarbons depends entirely on the specific sample of gasoline (what type of oil it was made from, which company refined it, what additives were added, etc.)
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_c ... f_gasoline
For alkanes the formula is CnH2n+2 and for cycloalkanes it is CnH2n
For gasoline of decane C10H22 the equation would be:
(2)C10H22 + (62)O2 -> (20)CO2 + (22)H2O
For one molecule of C10H22 you get 10 molecules of CO2
For common diesel (C12H23) the equation is:
(4)C12H23 + (71)O2 -> (48)CO2 + (46)H2O
For one molecule of C12H23 you get 12 molecules of CO2.
Of course there's C10H20 diesel, but I picked the above because it is "common".
Because there are more bonds in diesel you get more energy per mole. I don't know all the details, but I hope this helps.