Here's a snippet of something I wrote to help NTs understand how our brains work. It's received good reviews from NTs I trust. Hopefully it helps...

(High Definition Fiber Tracking image of Temple Grandin's brain versus control brain)
"These scans show the neural connections used when connecting visual thoughts to language. The Autistic brain is the one on the left. Note how scattered the signals are in Grandin’s brain versus how focused and linear they are in the control brain. Considering how this over-connectivity relates to every component of the Autistic brain, it is easy to imagine how it takes a lot longer for me to assess exactly what I’m thinking at a given moment. ...
Basically, an Autistic brain is like an overclocked computer. It’s running at a higher speed than it was designed for, specifically because the shotgun scattering of information isn’t as efficient as it normally had evolved to be. Scientists have found that an Autistic brain produces 42% more information at rest than a normal brain does. This makes sense because of how widely the data is transmitted internally and the additional information this causes to be introduced to the system… if only in negative feedback and crossed connections. Really, there isn’t a filter on various sensory inputs and thus it ALL gets processed at once.
You might be thinking: That 42% excess sounds great! How are you not a superhero? Ah yes, but there’s the rub. Normal brains shift their processing power to match the task at hand. When at rest, they reduce processing to match demand. When demand for brain processing increases, say in a high-stress situation, the brain ramps up production to meet the need. To accomplish this without being overwhelming, the brain uses sensory filters to block out the seemingly unimportant data that the eyes, ears, skin, etc., are sensing.
While the Autistic brain processes more information while at rest, it does not upscale well when needed. There is no filter, thus the Autistic brain tries to continue processing every single sensory input that is coming in. Eventually, it becomes too much and you have to remove stimuli somehow… sometimes by the drastic measure of escaping the scene.
This is why situations that don’t bother NTs — like noisy restaurants — can wreck havoc on Autistics. The NT brain ramps up to meet the need because it can filter out the random background noises, smells, etc., that are unimportant to the task at hand. The Autistic brain tries to make sense of everything it is experiencing. Combine that with trying to make sense of seemingly alien NT social norms, and you get a recipe for a shutdown or meltdown.
The Autistic brain produces more information because of the excess of neural connections, but also doesn’t have a way to filter out unnecessary stimuli. Seems simple, right? Introduce one overall filter to reduce the amount of information being sent for central processing. Bada-bing. Done.
But wait! Remember that pruning of synapses we talked about earlier? Yeah,… it’s not consistent. Some areas get pruned enough. Some area don’t get pruned at all. Some get pruned too much. And there’s no telling which areas are pruned at all! Every brain gets pruned differently, so every Autistic is different. Hence the expression, “If you’ve met one Autistic, you’ve met one Autistic.” Some of us have sensory issues with sound, some with touch, some with a combo of senses, and some with every sense. So those sensory filters can be nearly complete, completely non-existent, or anywhere in between.
Sounds complex, right?
We are."
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The Autistic Pickle is typed in front of a live studio audience.
No ghosts were harmed in the making of this post.