HAS

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Q1 (First Quarter)

Acronym

ROSCO (Rolling Stock Operating Company)

Acronym

Surprise, shock, astonish (synonyms)

Tear (rip up)

Tear (of sadness)


Not homonyms, as they're pronounced differently. This phenomenon must have a name, but I can't think of it right now.




Edit: found it - Homograph!

^Homographs. Edit: You and your post editing...

Under, over (antonyms)

Vice (clamping device)

Vice (evil activity)


Homonyms

Witch, which (homonyms/homophones)

skipping xyz as per the thread creator's dispensation

Aisle

Isle


Homophones

Bar, car (minimal pair )

(I'll resist the temptation to post car/bar, LOL)

Could

Cud


Homophones, well at least in some accents. In others the vowel sound varies slightly. Is there a term for that? Dissonance?

Oh lovely. Well, in dialectology, there are different sets of phonemes in different dialects of a language, determined by which phonemes can be demonstrated to make a minimal pair. Some Spanish dialects have extra phonemes that don't exist in others, like the "th" in Spain and a few other places. Most places, casar (to marry) and cazar (to hunt) are homophones, but in Spain they form a minimal pair, with the "z" pronounced as an unvoiced "th."

I would pronounce "could" and "cud" quite differently. I'd love to know how you say them!

Back to the game...

Daring, cowardly (antonyms)

In the accent in my area, and over most of Northern England, the word 'cud' is pronounced the same as 'could'. In more refined standard English (the so-called 'Received Pronunciation'),it's closer to 'cad'.


End, Finish

Synonyms

Are you using this vowel, "ʊ," in "could" and "cud"? It's what I use in "could." My "cud" uses the vowel "ʌ."

Finish, start (antonyms)

Yes, the situation is pretty much as you've outlined. Your 'cud' is pretty much like RP English 'cud'.

Gill (half a pint)

Gill (of a fish)


Homographs

I note that with the CMU arpabet, could is K UH D (wrong planet won't let me cite this via URL), but it doesn't have cud sadly. "cut" is in here with a different vowel (the arpabet phone AH)

Hate, love (antonyms)

A very warm welcome to WP, Bear of Unusual Brain! Thank you for your arpabet insights. You should be able to link to URLs after posting more; I think it's a precaution against spam. I'll check for something that equates the arpabet phones to IPA ones.