Genetic Overlap Between Autism, Schizophrenia and Bipolar
Hi
I stumbled across this thread while researching for my dissertation and was wondering if any of you would be able to help me. I'm a psychology undergraduate at Oxford University and am investigating creativity in autism and schizophrenia/bipolar disorder. What I'm interested in discovering is whether there is any underlying genetic link to explain the elevated levels of creativity in the two disorders.
Judging from the posts so far you seem like an intelligent and well-informed group of people and so I was just wondering if any of you had come across any relevant research, or have any personal experiences, that may cast some light on my investigation.
Thank you in advance
To TiffWS: I have trouble learning math and new languages. As for genetics, I don't know anyone in my family who has AS but my dad has a few AS traits. He dislikes to socialise with his family (his cousins, aunts and uncles) but his social skills are better than mine being a lawyer. My great-uncle suffered from depression, is temperamental and gesticulates like a woman. He's a scientist by the way but a sociable one. My great-grandfather was a skilled carpenter who built up a good business but was antisocial. My great-grandmother couldn't get along with him. One of his sons is the temperamental great-uncle.
There's a number of scientific people among my dad's relatives,but my dad is super at history, geography, reads financial things but is hopeless at science. I myself am good at chemistry, biology (except memorising) and English literature. I learnt to read more advanced books at a relatively young age. (Darwin at age 15.) Some relatives thought I would study English at uni, but I decided on science instead. Although I am not brilliant I have an offer to read biochemistry at Imperial College.
My mum is obsessed with hygiene and makes my life a perpetual misery by peeping into my private letters and does not have the advantage of talking intellectually. She forced me to do grammar and comprehension questions at a young age which barely taught me anything being rote-based.
I don't know whether you will find this interesting but I look remarkably like my dad and take after him. My mum's side isn't educated and intelligently spoken, whereas my dad's side has a number of Oxbridge and Ivy League grads. I share more traits with my nerdy 2nd cousins (dad' side) compared to closely related relatives on my mum's side. Apparently genomic imprinting can cause autism and it is possible that in my case my dad;s genes imprinted my mum's. My dad and I have dyspraxia. Do tell me your feedback on it.
I read a paper on a link between autism and schizophrenia , and it stills appears to be a casual link http://www.paulcooijmans.com/asperger/a ... rized.html
I have a somewhat vested interest here.
My mother's mother was dx'd paranoid schizophrenia 1971, along with her brother,though much earlier ( this illness became evident on the battle field; was discharged from the Korean War- circa, 1950).
My mother's behavior before her suicide , had 'hallmark symptoms' of this i.e. psychotic delusions, beliefs, but the dx never came.
TiffWS,
I would have to go with Asperger on this, autism being one end of a spectrum that runs through Scientists, Engineers, Universities, where it has a framework to live in.
I see it as all in how you grow up, if the Little Professor is welcomed and educated, then the Professions, if everything you do is wrong, an alienation which never syncs with the world.
Very different creative patterns, the logical mind of autism, dull, boring, does not get jokes, yet can find the pattern that was never before noticed. When it comes to anything emotional, meltdowns and loss of function.
Schizophrenia/bipolar, seem all about the emotions, and not a logical group at all. Where an autistic can play music with a precise pattern, Classical, schizophrenia can reach the emotional. Autistic singers are not famous, or tolerated, but Billie Holiday, Edith Piaf, can even make my reserved self feel emotion, only second hand, but sweeter for the rarerness of it.
Where Stephan Wilshire can draw a city seen once like a photograph, it has that much emotion.
Art is that which causes an emotional response in the viewer, Van Gogh had it.
Several painters have told me that without a manic phase, they were worthless.
As proof of a misspent youth, an alienated loner, in New York, I met a lot of writers, musicians, painters, designers.
Looking back I would say from both groups, technical and emotional, in the same fields.
One writer pulls it all out of their head, and it is powerful, another researches endless facts, joins them, and writes an informative story.
Some musicians play it exactly right, others never the same twice, but all good. Painters we blamed on the solvents, but they too run technical or emotional.
Bad writers, painters, musicians, lack both sides. They will never become.
In the current speak, a Neurotypical Hobby.
NTs have a place, but not in the arts. Thousands go to Nashville, hundreds record, tens become good enough to earn a living, a very few become famous talents.
Some of this group of mine did vacation in mental institutions, more married women from that school. Most were just normal weird. Before the internet, going to New York, Nashville, was how to find your people.
Having lived the life, and now learned something about why, I discovered Autism at 59, it fits.
The breakdowns came from two causes, autistics facing emotional demands, and not being able to cope, and the schizophrenic/bipolar not finding people who played at their emotional level.
Strangely enough, the two groups got along well. They often worked creative projects together. I worked photography. I had it down, chemicals, time, tricks, and could make the best prints around, show quality. I did it for others because I am not a good photographer. I can run a camera, but nothing I shot would ever win a prize. The people who did shoot great art, should stay out of the darkroom, emotion does not work there, just tech.
From what I have learned here, I am not just lightly autistic. high IQ, HFA rather than AS. Still I lived, worked, knew some strange people, and it all meshed in New York. Very different in my home town.
Where I came from I did not fit in, a total rejection, in New York, same self, some high paying jobs and my skills were in demand. The same for a social life, I knew people who became famous, the talent pool gathered, we had a world. I got a pass through publishing, art, music, and there I met a wider world who were very much like our group, same traits, but masked a bit better. We were the raw talent side, they marketed it, and they could tell good from bad.
They had the Nashville deal, thousands showed up, with advanced degrees from the best schools, very few of them survived in the business. Talents were spotted quickly. It stands out.
Psychology aside, some do have peaks in the technical, or in the emotional, and maybe one in ten fits the Psychology model, but they are all the same when it comes to producing good stuff.
Broader Autism Phenotype has ten Geeks per Aspie, and they produce. A Harvard Degree in Computers, put him in sales.
You have to look at the whole group. Sure, some were raised in a cellar and poked with pointed sticks, for being different, others were the same, but grew up with parents and family that never noticed.
The connection between suffering and art, it becomes the only thing that ever worked for some, and they dive in. Others came from stable families, and they also produced good work.
The basic mental condition was the same, just 10% of our group has had a rough childhood. Most overcome it as adults. Still autistic, but I know how to avoid the problems now.
I have also met people that I thought needed to be locked up, the, A danger to themselves and others. There is no doubt, there is a deep end, but most is at the shallow end, but we could go either way.
You study, I lived there. I see it like Asperger, as it grades out through the population.
I can spot my own, and had the same happen to me when I ran into a group from the Group Home, Auties, but they all saw me as one of them. I get to wander without a caretaker, some can pass better than I.
Counting the full range of Autism and Schizophrenia, I would give each 10% of the general population, and in that group, lies most of the highest intelligence, talent, and productive ability.
Where it is seen as Clinical, I see a life trashed by family, upbringing, education, and all that is left is the creative. The same group with a less stressful life, they would be at the University, and being praised for their insights.
I do not buy Genetics, it exists, but we know nothing, other than, it is all Genetic. The strong focus through the logical and technical, or the world of feeling and emotions, are very different, but both are needed for a really good party. Where we were very close to the Clinical door, a lot more wanted to come to the party.
A painter's show with a few writer and musician friends would not be much, but others came, brought wine, and they fit in. They were drawn to their people. It did not stop there, for the work sold farther out, to people who could feel the emotion.
It did cross fields, those who were very good at something, also took an interest in art. They could speak our language, they belonged.
A while back I met a Doctor, he was OK, he wanted to learn how to rebuild Jeep transmissions and axels, and mostly wanted to hang out with the best mechanics, who are all autistic detail people. This is not a repair shop, we build machines. I think a lot of Doctors are autistic, from better families.
If we ever get really good tests to spot this, I think it will be found that the world would not run very well without these traits, and as I am sure you have learned, a few emotional setbacks, and a lot of the top performers can wind up going Clinical.
Dr. Amy Bishop, did not get tenure, so she shot the Dept Chair, killed three and wounded three at a meeting. Now it comes out she also killed her brother, was involved in a mailed pipe bomb, but her Doctorate was from Harvard.
In other cases autistic researchers have just walked away from a good job, their home, and just kept walking. They might be running a gas station on the night shift now.
The pattern continues all the way out.
Before running into Wrong Planet, I would have denied being at all autistic.
Have you taken the RDOS Aspie Quiz? Do you dare? I think it is on General Discussion.
"Ask not for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for the."
My father is Bipolar, my mother had all kinds of mental problems; I know depression was a big one for her. I have AS and so does my son. I've also always had problems with depression- I think from being undiagnosed and wondering why I didn't fit in. My younger cousin showed AS-like symptoms when he was younger, the main one that I can think of right now was repeating things that were said over and over to himself.
I don't mean this to sound stigmatised, as people are people whatever their diagnosis, but the girl I love is developing paranoid schizophrenia. I really wish she's have developed something like AS instead, I can't bear to see her so scared by it.
Anyway. That's pretty interesting. My mother's family have mostly all had some form of depressive disorder (I have no idea if it's bipolar or just general depression, because only my grandmother ever went to a medical professional - they tried everything, even the electro-therapy-thingies), and although I know very little about my father's family, my dad is bordering AS (he's definitely not NT, but lacks some of the defining points of AS), and my grandmother on my father's side was most definitely Autistic.
I've had some severe depressive problems but it's probably not related to bipolar. But as I'm only 15, we'll see what I develop - hurray!
I found a really interesting book on the subject. It is called the Imprinted Brain, if you are really into genetics and Schizophrenia and Autism and how they relate, it could be quite fun. It is just a theory, nothing studied or proven too seriously, but makes for a good read.
It touches on a lot, but basically puts psychosis (mainly schizophrenia) and autism on a spectrum, and shows how these two result from different imbalances regarding mechanistic and mentalistic processes of the brain. It also touches on how people can have both, it is an interesting read.
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The stars look very different today.
Wow! I just stumbled across this forum by mistake while I was looking for information to see if there is a link between my bipolar disorder and my extremely acute sense of smell (I was diagnosed as bipolar II, although the main difference between I and II is the absence of psychosis, and I have had psychosis since my diagnosis so..... not sure where that leaves me). This is fascinating! Ever since I heard someone say a few years ago (I think it may have been Temple Grandin?) that they felt autism was an "overload of the senses" I wondered if there may be a link between it and bipolar.
I have an EXTREMELY well developed sense of smell, taste, hearing (when I was younger - I'm in my mid 40's now), touch, and sight. To the point where I can't STAND it sometimes (smells set me off, fabrics rubbing on my skin set me off, I can even SEE colours where nobody else can. When other people see just GREY, I can see green or purple or blue!)
This is the first I've heard that the conditions MAY be related somehow - how exciting! I am in a study for bipolar disorder and I made a point to tell them every odd thing I could think of about myself - my "hyper senses were one of them. I'd be interested to know how many other bipolar's have the same thing?
As for another article trying to connect people with autism to fairly shady psychotic disorders, it doesn't surprise me. It seems there's a general attitude within the scientific community, and generally all of people in power, to paint people with autism in as bad a light as possible. This is just another way of doing that. And from what I can see from the medical community is they produce far more crap science than even close to acceptable publications. Then again... the people doing the publishing more often than not lack a research degree, which explains a lot of this (though not all... this filters over in lesser severity to nearly every other field as well).
This post is BS.
I don't have bipolar disorder, but I have moodswings very often who aren't that far away I belive. I also know two with AS who also have bipolar disorder and one classic autistic child where the mother is AS and the father Bipolar. I come along with all of them very well.
But nevertheless I don't have any bipolar people in my own family.
My brothers also have diagnoses:
Me: HFA and Depression
1. brother: schizophrenia
2. brother: ADHD
I think this is a very interessting topic.
I found this article the other days:
Autism and Familial Major Mood Disorder: Are They Related? (click)
This sounds to me a bit like: McDD (click)
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"I'm astounded by people who want to 'know' the universe when it's hard enough to find your way around Chinatown." - Woody Allen
I'm not surprised there is overlap between all these things. While I'm very clearly on the autism spectrum, I have certain facets of bipolar too, like this restlessness and grandiose search for a romantic sort of meaning to everything. Not romantic as in sappy, I mean as in there being some ultimate beauty that ties all of the universe together. I find a decent number of aspies are actually quite tolerant of the mundane, and some of them can be quite mentally restful, whereas especially since puberty, I've had this restless yearning for meaning that's not "cold" the way many "pure" aspies are portrayed.
I know this girl who I really like, and she has definite aspie traits, but not enough to be actually given a diagnosis. However, she shares this drive to find beautiful meanings behind everything, and has been diagnosed with bipolar, ADHD, etc. from time to time--ever since she had a breakdown where she truly lost touch with reality (to a degree I never had). Aside from me having more social and emotional-bonding difficulties and her being more mentally unstable, I do feel the two of us are on a continuum.
Though I also think, in relation to some of these genetic studies, that they're simply not fine-grained enough to catch anything but general "stress factors" on the brain. There are, I believe, qualitative differences in the biochemistry between people with different types of psychiatric profiles (though whether the biochemical types match up with the diagnostic categories is dubious), but there are not enough data points to find the possibly very unique triggers to the brain "failing" in particular modes (no moral judgment is meant by the word "fail" here).
The term "autism" in its origion is created by Egon Bleuler and it is derived from the state of seclusion observed in people with schizophrenia.
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English is not my native language, so I will very likely do mistakes in writing or understanding. My edits are due to corrections of mistakes, which I sometimes recognize just after submitting a text.
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