Because of the ring most likely being of gold, as long as you are not working with really bad chemicals, it cant corrode. (And if you get those on your fingers, you have worse stuff to worry about, then your wedding ring.) So soaps, cremes, gels, ...can do a foggy look on it, but that is removable, and is only on the outside, and does not affect the material itself.
Its something else, if you often do mechanical work with your hands, so using hand tools with full force can use to scratches on the material of the ring, because of tool-steel simply being harder then jewelry-gold.
About the fingers getting swollen, cutting of the ring ...: The ring should never be so tight, that it hardens the blood circulation of the finger. As long as you are not really overweight, normally the position, where you wear the ring on the finger, should be a bit tighter then the fingerjoint above. So when choosing a ring, you normally care for it being cozy on the phalanx of the finger (So it should be easy to move at the finger phalanx when softly pushing.) while at the fingerjoint it should be tight enough, that you can remove it by screwing a bit, but not too hard. Even when wearing the ring all day, you should care for trying to do this once a week. If you feel that removing the ring around the joint becomes harder, (which should still be possible, so in a week you dont gain that much weight immidiately, so with soap or butter or some oil, you still should get it off) then you simply carry the ring to a jewelry shop that have as well a little workshop for repairs, and then you can let the ring get "widened". Because of gold being a good material to work with, a good shop can easily stretch it a bit, so that it fits comfortable again. As well that its pretty common to do so.
As long as you dont have an sudden disease or injury, that lets your finger gets swollen overnight, its pretty impossible, that the ring suddenly stucks, and causes so your finger to get more swollen, and so being forced to remove it. If you feel it becomes more tighter, then let it get widened by a jewelry-shop again on time, before that happens.