Charles Dexter Ward and most of the other narrators/central characters of HP Lovecraft's stories... i'm pretty damn sure, from what i've read of his life story, that Lovecraft was an Aspie himself...
Tolkien almost certainly was one IMO as well, but i can't think of a particular character from his books who stands out as Aspie-ish, tho those mentioned certainly have traits... it's a bit more difficult to judge when dealing with whole fictional races who are physically and mentally different from the average human (tho the "incorruptibility" of the Hobbit race does seem to me a bit like an Aspie characteristic...)
stepping out of the horror/fantasy genre, someone mentioned on here before Tom Joad's brother Noah in "The Grapes Of Wrath" (John Steinbeck), who has a fairly minor part but is described as "not stupid, but strange" or words to that effect... also Denver from Toni Morrison's "Beloved"...
Both the central characters in "Brave New World" (Aldous Huxley), Bernard Marx and John aka "the Savage", if not ASpies themselves, had aspects of their lives that Aspies can strongly empathise with, IMO...
i can probably think of more, but they're eluding me right now...